Mexico’s Ancient Civilizations

Dear Traveler, Welcome to a great vacation at an affordable price. Your Mexico’s Ancient Civilizations tour is fully guided and includes most meals, all hotels, and all activities. Happy Travels! Caravan
Olmec Head
Uxmal
Tour Map

Tour Year:

20252026

Smart Traveler’s Guide To The Olmec Heads

The Olmec Colossal Heads are stunning, massive stone sculptures created by the Olmecs, a Mesoamerican civilization predating the Maya and the Aztecs. Step into ancient Mexico and discover the secrets of the mysterious Olmec Heads.

What Are The Olmec Heads?

The Olmec Heads, also called the Olmec Colossal Heads, are giant, basalt boulders carved into detailed, somber faces. They were uncovered at Archeology sites throughout Mexico. It’s possible there are still more out there, waiting to be re-discovered.

The heads are all distinct. Each head has unique facial features and adornments. Scholars believe each might be a sculpted portrait of a different ruler, or a depiction of a different god.

How Many Olmec Heads Are There?

There are 17 known Olmec Heads. All 17 Olmec heads can be found in Mexico.

An ancient colossal head unearthed in Guatemala may or may not be Olmec.

Where Are The Olmec Statues?

The Olmec statues are scattered across archeological sites, museums, and cultural displays in Mexico. Most were originally found in four archeological sites. The 17th head was found some distance from any known archeological site, and archeologists believe it was abandoned in transit.

Twelve heads were originally found in Veracruz, Mexico: ten in the related San Lorenzo and Potrero Nuevo archeological site, and two in the remains of the ancient Olmec city Tres Zapotes. Four were unearthed at the La Venta archeological site in Tabasco.

Today, visitors can see the Olmec Colossal Heads in these locations:

  • National Museum of Anthropology (Museo Nacional de Antropología) in Mexico City, Mexico

  • The San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan Community Museum in Aguacatepec, Veracruz, Mexico

  • Xalapa Anthropology Museum (Museo de Antropología de Xalapa) in Xalapa-Enríquez, Veracruz, Mexico

  • La Venta Archeological Park & Museum (Parque Museo La Venta) in Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico

  • On display in the town square of Huimanguillo, Tabasco, Mexico

  • Tres Zapotes Archeological Site in Tres Zapotes, Veracruz, Mexico

  • The Museum of Santiago Tuxtla (El Museo Tuxteco) in Santiago Tuxtla, Veracruz, Mexico

There is another ancient, colossal head sculpture that may be Olmec, though archeologists disagree about its origins. This potential 18th Olmec Head is at the Takalik Abaj site in Guatemala.

How Big Is The Largest Olmec Head?

The La Cobata Head is the biggest of the Olmec Heads. It’s 11.2 ft. (3.4 m.) tall, 9.8 ft. (3 m.) wide, and 9.8 ft. (3 m.) long.

It’s roughly 1,056 ft.³

To put this into perspective, consider that about 90 average-sized men could fit inside a hollow version of the La Cobata Head! Or 53 men, if they all wanted to stand.

Archeologists estimate it weighs 40 - 50 tons. That’s 80,000 - 100,000 lbs, or roughly 36,000 - 45,000 kg.

What Sizes Are The Other Heads?

The Olmec Colossal Heads range in size.

The smallest is the Tres Zapotes Monument Q. It’s 4.8 ft. (1.45 m) tall, 4.4 ft. (1.34 m) wide, and 4.1 ft. (1.26 m.) long. Its volume is about 87 ft.³ It weighs 8.5 tons.

The other heads vary between those extremes.

How Old Are The Olmec Colossal Heads?

Using carbon dating and archeological evidence, researchers estimate most of the Olmec Colossal Heads are 3,500 - 3400 years old. However, the most recent were carved 3,000 - 2,400 years ago.

They were created during the Early Preclassic and Middle Preclassic periods. Evidence indicates the heads were transported to different locations over the centuries.

Are There Any Female Olmec Heads?

It’s unclear whether the original sculptors intended any of the Olmec Heads to be read as male or female. The heads do not have recognizably gendered features.

Archeologists have a few hypotheses regarding the lack of gendered features:

  • The Olmecs may not have felt gender to be an important factor when it considering rulers or gods
  • The Olmecs may have depicted gender in artworks in ways that we no longer recognize
  • The heads depict non-gendered gods or authorities

Which Olmec Heads Are The Most Notable?

The most well-known Olmec Colossal Heads are recognized for their intricate carving work and well-preserved details.

San Lorenzo Colossal Head 5, at the Xalapa Museum of Anthropology, is recognized for its nuanced facial expression, possibly showing consternation or grit.

San Lorenzo Heads 2 and 6, at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City, showcase intriguing contrasts in head decor and facial features.

The La Cobata Olmec Head, displayed at Parque Olmeca in Santiago Tuxtla, is famously the largest Olmec Head.

Discover Ancient Olmec Sites In Mexico

For those intrigued by the artistry and artefacts of the Mayas, the Aztecs, and the Olmecs, we invite you to the adventure of a lifetime.

Caravan’s Ancient Civilizations of Mexico Tour is a guided, all-inclusive trip through sites of history and culture dating back thousands of years.

To book your ticket, call 1-800-227-2826. For more information, please reach out by phoning 1-312-321-9800.

Palenque
Mérida
Veracruz

Caret DownCaret Up Red2025 Hotels

2025 Hotels

Accommodations in the hotels and lodges are usually rooms with two beds and private bath or shower. A limited number of single rooms are available. Triple rooms are usually two beds.


Barcelo Mexico Reforma

Days 1, 2 • Mexico City

Barcelo Mexico Reforma

Barcelo Mexico Reforma

It is ideally located on the Paseo de la Reforma, within easy walking distance of historic Alameda Park and Monumento a la Revolución, the tallest triumphal arch in the world. The Barcelo has an on-site coffee shop, bar/lounge, and a full-service restaurant. Your hotel features an indoor heated pool, fitness center, and spa. Free WiFi.


Gran Hotel Diligencias

Day 3 • Veracruz

Gran Hotel Diligencias

Gran Hotel Diligencias

Located in the Historic District of Veracruz, this hotel is a 10-minute walk from the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. It offers an outdoor pool, spa and 24 hour fitness center. Each room includes free wifi, safe, iron, hairdryer and coffee maker.


Hotel y Spa Mision Palenque

Days 4, 5 • Palenque

Hotel y Spa Mision Palenque

Hotel y Spa Mision Palenque

Perfectly blended with the landscape, the Mision Palenque hotel architecture melts with the green exuberance of the tropical rainforest. Surrounded by beautiful gardens, its 210 rooms all have telephone, air conditioning, television, hair dryer, and all the comfort needed to relax. Enjoy tennis, the heated outdoor swimming pool, or the outdoor jacuzzi beside the *temazcal* steam bath, a prehispanic bath to purify mind and body, plus natural clay beauty treatments, just right at the spring that rises at the hotel.


Courtyard by Marriott Mérida

Days 6, 7 • Mérida

Courtyard by Marriott Mérida

Courtyard by Marriott Mérida

Enjoy spacious rooms just steps away from the Paseo de Montejo at the Courtyard by Marriott. This contemporary hotel also features a fitness center and outdoor pool. Rooms include hairdryers and free wi-fi.


Fairfield Inn and Suites by Marriott Cancún Airport

Day 8 • Cancún

Fairfield Inn and Suites by Marriott Cancún Airport

Fairfield Inn and Suites by Marriott Cancún Airport

The new Fairfield Inn includes an outdoor pool, fitness center and free wi-fi throughout. Your room includes a microwave, coffeemaker, iron, and hairdryer.

Caret DownCaret Up RedAirport Transfers

Airport Transfers

Arrival Transfers

Transfer on your own to the Barcelo Reforma Hotel (Av. Paseo de la Reforma 1) in the Centro Historico using the airport's taxi service. Rates are fixed based on city zones. Pay for your taxi ticket in advance at the booth inside the airport terminal and proceed outside to wait in line for your official verified taxi. Depending on traffic, the ride to your hotel should take approximately 30-45 minutes.

Departure Transfers

Transfer by hotel courtesy shuttle to Cancún International Airport (CUN) in Cancún. Please arrange your transfer to the airport with the Fairfield Inn shuttle desk.

Airfare is not included or sold by Caravan.

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Passports & Visas

To enter Mexico, you will need a U.S. passport valid for 6 additional months after the date of your arrival into Mexico. Non U.S. citizens, please check passport and visa requirements. Note: If you are travelling with children under 18 years old without both parents or legal guardians, you should carry a notarized letter of authorization signed by the missing parent(s) or guardian(s). A notarized birth certificate showing only one parent, a parent’s death certificate, or a court order of child custody may also be permissible. Failure to have proper documentation could result in denial of boarding by the airline, due to international child protection laws.

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Weather & Clothing

Temperature °F (high/low) Rainfall (inches)

Mexico CityMérida
TempRainTempRain
Jan71/440.385/651.0
Feb74/460.287/660.9
Mar77/490.292/690.7
Apr79/530.595/720.9
May80/561.597/752.0
Jun77/574.594/754.2
Jul74/564.993/753.8
Aug74/564.793/744.2
Sep73/564.692/745.4
Oct73/522.089/723.6
Nov72/470.487/691.7
Dec71/440.185/661.1

Temperature °F (high/low) Rainfall (inches)

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Mexico City
temp71/4474/4677/4979/5380/5677/5774/5674/5673/5673/5272/4771/44
rainfall0.30.20.20.51.54.54.94.74.62.00.40.1
Mérida
temp85/6587/6692/6995/7297/7594/7593/7593/7492/7489/7287/6985/66
rainfall1.00.90.70.92.04.23.84.25.43.61.71.1

Clothing Tips

This is a casual tour. Casual wear is suggested for sightseeing and daytime travelling. Dress code for evenings is casual. Suit jackets for men and dresses for women are not required. During the middle of the day, the sun is hot and bright. Caravan recommends shorts or light pants, a light shirt, a hat, sunglasses and sunscreen. Also essential are comfortable, sturdy walking shoes with good treads.

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Travel Tips & FAQs

These are only the first 15 Travel Tips. Read all 48 Travel Tips

Preparing for the Tropics

It is recommended to bring at least one pair of quick-dry pants and one quick-dry shirt. The quick-dry pants that zip at the knee to convert into shorts are particularly popular. Be sure to also bring a sweater or jacket for the cooler night temperatures. Caravan does not make product endorsements, but many feel that Avon Skin So Soft oil (not cream), or Avon's Expedition anti-mosquito spray is effective protection against mosquito bites in the jungle. Caravan does not endorse any vitamin, but please note that Central American pharmacies sell 500 milligram Vitamin B-1 tablets, a non-prescription vitamin, as "anti-mosquito" pills. Many people take Vitamin B-1 pills and eat garlic for about two weeks prior to and during their visits to the jungle because they believe that the smell of Vitamin B-1 and garlic repels mosquitoes. If you believe this may be of value, consult your doctor for further information on Vitamin B-1 and garlic. Many also avoid eating bananas in the rainforest, as it is believed that this smell attracts mosquitoes. Also, it is wise to wear light-weight quick-dry long-sleeved pants and shirts in these tropical areas.

Are meals included?

Included meals for each tour are listed at the end of each day. Meals are shown by B (breakfast), L (lunch) and D (dinner). Full, buffet, or deluxe continental breakfasts are included everywhere. Free bottled water is provided on the motorcoach. Alcoholic beverages are not included unless specified.

My Tour Price Includes

Virtually everything! Hotels, most meals, all of the activities described in the itinerary, airport departure transfers, gratuities to hotel porters and restaurant staff. Caravan’s professional Tour Directors and local guides will be with you every step of the way, ensuring a worry free vacation. They are fluent in English, experienced and fun, ensuring a worry-free vacation.

My Tour Price Does Not Include

Prices do not include air travel, country entry or departure fees, airport porters, visas, phone calls, valet, laundry, all items of a personal nature, extra food and beverages not on the regular menu, and tips to the Caravan Tour Director, driver, and local guides.

Age of Travelers on a Caravan Tour

Usually, you find a mix of different age adult travelers on a Caravan Tour. Children age five (5) and older are welcome, and children usually join tours offered during Christmas holidays, summer vacation and spring break vacation.

A Well-Paced Itinerary

A well-paced and unhurried itinerary is our goal, after all, you are on vacation! Touring days begin and end at reasonable hours and include frequent stops. While the occasional early morning departure is necessary, we do our best to ensure a leisurely vacation.

Size of Tour Group

Group sizes will vary depending on the reserved rooms at the hotels and the capacity of the boats and motorcoaches used. Usually, group sizes range from 30 to 44 passengers.

Fully Guided Tours Since 1952

Caravan has been offering fully guided tours worldwide under the same family ownership and management since 1952. Caravan understands and truly cares about your great expectations.

Many Tours Sell Out Each Year

The farther in advance that you book, the more likely it is that your preferred tour will be open. Late bookings are welcome if the space is still available.

Family Trips

Families are always welcome on any of our tours, but we do not have any programs specifically for or limited to families. Families can make specific requests for connecting, adjacent, triple or quad rooms, when available. Children must be at least 5 years old.

Forms of Payment

Caravan accepts payment (in U.S. funds only) via MasterCard, Visa, or Discover.

Caravan’s $129 Travel Protection

Caravan Travel Protection offers peace of mind if you cancel for any reason whatsoever prior to the departure of the tour. The travel protection plan also includes air, baggage, evacuation, medical, and quarantine coverage. The cost is $129.

Children on Tour

Children age five (5) and older are welcome on tour when accompanied by an adult. Usually, children travel during the school vacation months of June, July and August, and also during spring and winter school breaks.

International Travel with Minors

If you are travelling with children under 18 years old without both parents or legal guardians, carry a notarized letter of authorization signed by the missing parent(s) or guardian(s). A notarized birth certificate showing only one parent, a parent’s death certificate, or a court order of child custody may also be permissible. Failure to have proper documentation could result in denial of boarding by the airline, due to international child protection laws.

Drinking Water in Mexico

Caravan provides unlimited bottled water on the motorcoach. Clients are welcome to take bottled water with them to their rooms or with meals (no need to take more than you need in the moment, your Tour Director & Driver will ensure an adequate supply for the whole tour). Purified water may be offered in some locations, however Caravan cannot guarantee the safety or rigorousness of the purification process. Please limit yourself to bottled water. Caravan recommends using bottled water to brush your teeth, avoiding ice in your drinks, and avoiding street food vendors. Caravan has chosen the restaurants and menus carefully in Mexico. Most meals will not include an appetizer of soup or salad because of food safety concerns.

Read All 48 Travel TipsClick Here for All 48 Travel Tips

Caret DownCaret Up RedCustomer Reviews

Customer Reviews

These are only the first 7 Customer Reviews. Read all 83 Customer Reviews

"The tour director was top notch. On the ball. Organized. Funny. Knowledgeable about both the civilization sites, the communities we visited and Mexican history and how they all tied together."

Client, Lansing, Michigan

"Tour director was great. Made the tour so much better. His enthusiasm was evident and his knowledge was extensive. His love of his country was always comming through his spoken words. All hotels were great, not a single complaint. Thanks Caravan for my first escorted tour, and not my last. What a wonderful and amazing trip."

M. K., Alberta, Canada

"This was one of the best trips of my life - I am 29 and was traveling solo for the first time and did not know what to expect. I learned so much on this trip and met people that I will stay connected with for a long time. The food, accommodations, tours, and everything else was organized and well planned and I did not have to worry at all."

K. S., Cupertino, California

"I loved the tour. It was filled with interesting things to do or see each day. The lectures on the bus were very informative and I found them most enjoyable, especially the way our guide, explained how different cultures were connected."

C. J., Willow Street, Pennsylvania

"The trip was an excellent value for the cost. Our purpose was to see the ancient civilizations, and they were awe-inspiring! The additional benefits were our leader's enthusiasm, the friendly fellow travelers, the mariachis, regional dancers, museums, and the hacienda restaurant."

T., Winter Garden, Florida

"We were thrilled with our tour! We loved the incredible archeological places we visited, the towns and cities, the scenery as we drove by in the bus, the movies in the bus when we were weary with travel at the end of the day, the knowledgeable experts at each ancient site, the different cultures (people as well as places) to enjoy at each place, the new kinds of food to try, and the feeling of safety of having professional guides while in a foreign country. We enjoyed meeting and getting to know the other travelers on the tour. This is the second Caravan tour I have enjoyed, and I will definitely go on another when the time is right!"

J. D., Blacksburg, Virginia

"The hotels were all fine. We especially enjoyed the properties in Palenque (despite the odd handling of towels) and Veracruz."

S. H., Protem, Missouri

Read All 83 ReviewsClick Here to Read All 83 Customer Reviews

Caret DownCaret Up RedWhy Travel with Caravan?

Why Travel with Caravan?

Excellence Since 1952

You can trust our years of experience with tours of superb quality and excellent value. Caravan has enjoyed the same family management and ownership since 1952.

PanAm Jet
In 1959, Pan Am invited Caravan to be the very first tour company to fly their clients on its new line of Clipper Jets.
Vintage Motorcoach
In 1964, Caravan introduced the very first fleet of air conditioned motorcoaches in all of Europe.
Leather Back Turtle Park
Caravan is a proud supporter of the Leatherback Turtle National Park and Costa Rica's efforts to protect this endangered giant.
Federal Reserve Bank Of Chicago

Caravan Care

For your safety, Caravan cancelled most 2020 and all 2021 tour departures and refunded 100% of all payments received. See Caravan’s Covid-19 Terms of Travel.

Caravan's Proud History

In 1965, Roger Mudd hosted a two-hour CBS TV special on Caravan Tours. This TV production took about one month to make and was so successful it inspired the 1968 romantic comedy movie “If it’s Tuesday this must be Belgium.” In the early 50’s the Mayor of Dublin presented Caravan with the Key to Dublin for bringing the first American tour to the city after WWII. Since then, Caravan has been recognized as a pioneer in travel. You can trust in our stability, experience and dedication to quality.

Great Hotels

Stay at park lodges, scenic resorts, and excellent hotels in great locations. See hotel descriptions on each tour page.

Meals

Most meals included within Latin America. For USA and Canada tours, included meals are listed on each itinerary page. Bottled water is provided on motorcoaches in Latin America.

Complete Sightseeing

Enjoy complete sightseeing with more visits, extra features, and local guides.

Fully Guided by Tour Directors

All tours conducted from start to finish by professional tour directors, who are fluent in English, experienced, and fun.

All-inclusive

Caravan includes all activities listed in the tour itinerary page. Caravan does not sell any optional activities which can add hundreds of dollars to your tour price. Your free time is scheduled in great settings where there is no need to buy additional expensive activities.

Shopping Freedom

Caravan will not bring you to overpriced shops in exchange for payments. Caravan gives you ample opportunity and time for great shopping, and the freedom to choose where and when to shop.

Great Value, Book Early

Caravan’s strong buying power gives you great vacations at prices much lower than you can find anywhere. In a typical year, most of our tours sell out quickly. Book early for the date you prefer and the best air fare.

How does Caravan Tours sell these tours for such a low cost?

Caravan delivers volume to our suppliers, who in turn reward us with their very best prices. We in turn pass these savings on to you, and you reward us by buying our tours. As volume continues to rise, we then receive even better prices from our suppliers, and we pass even greater savings on to you. This year our tours are better than ever.

Trade Association Memberships

Caravan is a member of NTA (National Tour Association), ABA (American Bus Association), CLIA (Cruise Lines International Association), and ACMA (American Commerce Marketing Association).

NTA, ABA, CLIA, and ACMA